Multiple endocrine neoplasia (MEN) refers to a group of rare inherited disorders that cause tumors to develop in multiple endocrine glands.
There are several types of MEN.
The most common being MEN1 and MEN2.
1. MEN1
Affects the parathyroid glands, pancreas, and pituitary gland
Common tumors: Parathyroid adenomas, pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, and pituitary adenomas
2. MEN2:
Subdivided into MEN2A and MEN2B
Primarily affects the thyroid gland and adrenal glands
MEN2A: Medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, and parathyroid hyperplasia
MEN2B: Medullary thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, and other physical characteristics
These disorders are related to genetic mutations and are typically inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.
Early detection and management are crucial for improving outcomes.
Syndromes classified into types 1, 2A, 2B and familial medullary thyroid cancer.
All syndromes follow autosomal dominant inheritance with reduced penetrance at various ages.
Many patients have multiple tumors and pre symptom screening is available.