Recombinant human insulin
Trade names Lantus, Toujeo
Subcutaneous administration
A long-acting basal insulin analogue, given once daily to help control the blood sugar level of those with diabetes.
Consists of microcrystals that slowly release insulin, giving a long duration of action of 18 to 26 hours, with a “peakless” profile.
Pharmacokinetically, it resembles basal insulin secretion of non-diabetic pancreatic beta cells.
In type 2 diabetes and in combination with a short acting sulfonylurea drugs which stimulate the pancreas to make more insulin, it can offer moderate control of serum glucose levels.
In the absence of endogenous insulin—type 1 diabetes, in some cases of depleted type 2 or latent autoimmune diabetes of adults in late stage, it needs the support of fast acting insulin taken with food to reduce the effect of prandially derived glucose.
The long acting insulins, which includes insulin glargine, do not appear much better than neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin but have a significantly greater cost.
It s unclear if there is a difference in hypoglycemia and not enough data to determine any differences with respect to long term outcomes from neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin.
Must not be diluted or mixed with other insulin or solution in the same syringe.
No association between insulin glargine and cancer.
Subcutaneous injection results in a slow, peakless dissolution and absorption of insulin from the site of injection, and can achieve a peakless level for at least 24 hours.
Formulated at an acidic pH 4, where it is completely water-soluble.
After subcutaneous injection small amounts of insulin glargine are released into the body continuously, giving an almost peakless profile.
A three-fold more concentrated formulation, brand name Toujeo.
Sometimes, in type 2 diabetes and in combination with a short acting sulfonylurea it can offer moderate control of serum glucose levels.
In the absence of endogenous insulin (type 1 diabetes), depleted type 2 or latent autoimmune diabetes of adults in late stag, insulin glargine needs the support of fast acting insulin taken with food to reduce the effect of prandially derived glucose.
The long acting insulins, which includes insulin glargine, do not appear much better than neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin but have a significantly greater cost.
Insulin glargine must not be diluted or mixed with other insulin or solution in the same syringe.,
Not associated with cancer.
Insulin glargine molecule more soluble at an acidic pH and less soluble at physiological pH allowing for the subcutaneous injection of a clear solution and can achieve a peakless level for at least 24 hours.
Insulin glargine is formulated at an acidic pH 4, where it is completely water-soluble.
After subcutaneous injection of the acidic solute when a physiologic pH is achieved the increase in pH causes the insulin to come out of solution resulting in the formation of higher order aggregates of insulin hexamers.
The gradual process ensures small amounts of insulin glargine are released into the body continuously, giving an almost peakless profile.
The three-fold more concentrated formulation, brand name
Toujeo is a three-fold more concentrated formulation brand
Biosimilar insulin glargine is available under the brand names Basaglar and Abasaglar.
This meta-analysis of the safety, efficacy, and long-term cost-effectiveness of insulin glargine 100 U/mL (IGlar) compared to insulin degludec (IDeg) for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
The glarine group showed a statistically significant decrease in glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) from baseline versus the IDeg group.
Overall hypoglycemia was comparable between groups, as were severe event rates.
Non-severe nocturnal hypoglycemia, non-severe overall events, and nocturnal non-severe hypoglycemia were marginally lower in the IDeg group.