Hormonal responses to nutrient intake are the major regulators of metabolism.
The response to postprandial increases in levels of glucose or amino acids, promote insulin secretion, and nutrient storage and maintain normoglycemia.
Intestinal hormonal responses to food intake magnify insulin secretion by the incretin effect, mediated by glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GP) and moderate satiety, food intake, and other aspects of prandial metabolism.
Triple G hormone receptor agonist, are a combination of GLP- 1, GIP, and glucagon (GCG) receptors.
While GCG is a counterregulatory hormone released from pancreatic alpha cells during hypoglycemia, increasing blood glucose, it is also is a potent catabolic factor that stimulates adipose lipolysis, reduces food intake, and slows gastric emptying with increases in energy expenditure.
Adding GCG to the incretin mimetic action of GLP-1 and GIP signaling show superior activity to single or dual agonist for achieving weight loss, reducing hepatic, steatosis and normalizing glucose levels.
Retatrutide showed an efficacy in treating obesity of a 24% weight reduction over 48 weeks.
The side effects of Retatrutide were dose dependent and predominantly G.I. come with nausea occurring in 45 to 60% of individuals at higher doses.
With this agent at 36 weeks type two diabetics had a 17% weight loss and a 2% decrease in their hemoglobin A1c level.
Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, had their fat content normalized in 90% of participants with high dose.