Nightmares ref2242ed to repeated awakenings from the major sleep periods or naps with detailed recall of extended or extremely frightening dreams.
These events usually involve threats to survival, security or self-esteem.
Most nightmares are associated with posttraumatic stress disorder, but can be related to other processes.
Nightmares have a profound negative effect on sleep, mental health, physical health, and quality of life.
Commonly reported among individuals to suffer from depression and who are at risk for suicide ideation.
Usually rise during REM sleep and disturbed REM sleep may facilitate the frequency of nightmares.
Nightmares can contribute to alcohol and substance abuse, suicidal ideation and even completed suicide rates.
Poor REM sleep in recurring nightmares may be correlated with suicidal behavior among people who are diagnosed with depression.
Trauma related nightmares in PTSD are more severe than non-trauma related nightmares in relation to frequency and with more frequent awakenings and worse sleeping habits.
Prazosin a lipid soluble Alpha one-adrenergic receptor antagonist that crosses the blood brain barrier and decreases sympathetic outflow of the brain, is recommended for treatment of PTSD associated nightmares.