Dieting and low weight gain during pregnancy associated with neural tube defects.
Maternal traits that hypothesize to increase fetal growth include:
Higher body mass index
Higher fasting glucose
Gestational or type two diabetes
High triglycerides
Lower HDL cholesterol
Lower adiponectin
Maternal traits that are hypothesized to decrease fetal growth:
Hypertension
Lower vitamin D status
The rate of severe maternal morbidity is currently 144 per 10,000 delivery hospitalizations.