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Eosinophils

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Derived from stem cells and in the peripheral blood appear with a bilobed nucleus with abundant reddish orange cytoplasmic granules.

Derived from myeloid progenitors with the help of growth and survival factors interleukin-3 (IL-3), IL-5 and granulocyte monocyte colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF).

Eosinophilic inflammation is controlled by type 2 helper T (Th2) of the adaptive immune system.

Enter the blood stream when they reach maturity and disperse to peripheral tissues.

Survival in peripheral tissues such a the intestinal tract and lymph tissues is brief, but apoptosis can be prevented by survival factors IL-5, Il-3 and GM-CSF.

Granules contain major basic protein, eosinophilic cationic protein and eosinophil derived neurotoxin which provide toxic affects to microbes and tissues to include myocarditis, pneumonitis, dermatitis, neuropathy and vasculitis.

Tissue dwelling hematopoietic cells that play a role in parasite immunity and allergic type disease.

Activated cells secrete major basic protein and other toxic base proteins that cause bronchial hyperactivity, mucosal injury and remodeling in the airways in asthma.

Eosinophils are normally present in gastrointestinal mucosa, though the finding in deeper tissue is almost always pathologic.

 

Eosinophil recruitment into inflammatory tissue is a complex process, regulated by a number of inflammatory cytokines. 

 

 

Eotaxin has an integral role in regulating the homing of eosinophils into the lamina propria of stomach and small intestine.

 

Develop in the bone marrow from hematopoietic stem cells and migrate to the gastrointestinal tract and to sites of inflammation.

Contributes to immune mechanisms regulating allergic, granulomatous, fibrotic, and helminthic parasitic disorders.

Recruitment seen in respiratory syncytial virus infection.

Developed from the myeloid pathway.

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