Early-onset cancers often have a strong genetic component.
Germline mutations in high-penetrance genes such as BRCA1/2, Lynch syndrome-associated genes, and others significantly increase the risk.
Unhealthy lifestyle choices, including smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity, physical inactivity, and poor dietary habits, are significant contributors.
The incidence of cancer among adults under age, 50 years has risen worldwide, despite unchanged hereditary cancer rates a finding that suggests the influence of environmental and lifestyle factors.
Exposure to endocrine disruptors and other environmental toxins during early life may play a role in the development of early-onset cancers.
Conditions such as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and metabolic syndrome are linked to higher risks of specific early-onset cancers, such as colorectal cancer.
Alterations in the gut microbiome due to diet, antibiotics, and other factors may contribute to the development of early-onset cancers, particularly in the digestive system.
Treatment Options:
Surgical Intervention:
Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy
Targeted Therapy
Immunotherapy
Genetic Counseling is recommended for all patients with early-onset cancer to guide treatment and preventive strategies.