Persistent or recurrent pain or discomfort in epigastric area which is associated with fullness, early satiety, bloating, nausea and belching.
Up to 40% of adults experience symptoms at least once a year.
About 80% of patients with dyspepsia have normal findings on esophagogastroduodenoscopy.
Most patients have functional dyspepsia with no findings, but other causes include peptic ulcer disease (15-25%), Helicobacter pylori infection (30-60%), gastrointestinal reflux disease gastric cancer and secondary to use of drugs such associated nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
Empiric acid suppressive therapy without diagnostic examination is reasonable in patients less than 45 years of age.
Work-up may include upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, esophageal pH monitoring, gastric emptying times studies and water load tests.