Divided into retention mucoceles, mucoceles with mucosal hyperplasia, mucinous cystadenomas, and malignant mucinous cystadenocarcinomas.
The incidence of appendiceal mucocele‘s is 0.2-0.3% of all appendectomies and have a predilection for females older than age 50 years.
It can present with abdominal pain, intussusception, obstruction, or be an asymptomatic process.
These lesions have a low recurrence rate if they are confined to the appendix and resected.
The spontaneous rupture or rupture during surgery may cause peritoneal dissemination leading to pseudomyxoma peritoneal.
Almost half of such lesions develop pseudomyxoma peritonei.
About 10-15% of appendicular mucoceles lead to pseudomyxoma peritonei.
Usual findings on CT scan is a well encapsulated low-attenuation mass with a thin wall.
Treatment is appendectomy.
The five year disease free survival of pseudomyxoma peritonei is 37.4% with aggressive cytoreductive surgery in combination with intraoperative hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy.