Refers to leukoplakia or leukokeratosis which usually manifests on the lower lip mucosa.
Risk factors include sun damage, fair skin , lower lip prominence, pipe smoking or use of tobacco.
Is essentially actinic keratoses.
Has a greater propensity than actinic keratoses to invade and become metastatic, with up to 25% of cases manifesting such activity.
Most common treatment is liquid nitrogen.
May respond to topical fluorouracil or imiquimod.
Surgical removal of advanced disease may be necessary.
Treatment of choice is lasing resurfacing for management of severe disease.