The RAS family comprising KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS, is essential for regulating cell cycling through pivotal pathways, including mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, the phoshoisitide 3 kinase mammalian target rapmycin (PI3K/mTOR) axis, and the RAS related protein/nuclear factor KB pathway.
These small GTPases are key regulators of cell growth, differentiation and survival.
KRAS proteins function as molecular switches,, toggling between an active and inactive state, depending on whether they bind to guanosine phosphate, GDP or GTP:this transition between states is critical for controlling downstream, signaling pathways involved in cellular processes.
Most frequent mutated protooncogene in colorectal cancer.
Encodes a plasma membrane bound protein involved in G-protein mediated signal transduction.
There are three primary RAS iso forms-KRAS, NRAS, and HRAS and are critical to cellular signaling.
KRAs mutation is the most common and most frequently observed across the RAS family.
Controls growth and differentiation by transduction of extracellular signals.
Belongs to the RAS family of cellular protooncogenes.
RAS viral oncogene homolog NRAS predicts for resistance to cetuximab and panitumumab in colorectal carcinoma.