1750
Presents as superficial, flat, focal collections of blood between the sclera and conjunctiva.
Most common risk factors in patients younger than 40 years of age are occupational or occupational or leisure related trauma and injury induced by contact lenses.
In individuals 40 years and older, systemic conditions such as hypertension and diabetes are the most common etiologies.
Other causes are not related to age include coagulopathy and elevated venous pressure from bearing down, coughing, or vomiting.
Etiology is unknown in as many as 39% of cases.
Differential diagnosis includes: patient with a history of injury including hemorrhagic conjunctivitis, corneal abrasion or ulceration, and retained conjunctival foreign bodies.
May indicate domestic violence or child abuse.
The appearance can be anxiety provoking, but in general, it is not harmful and resolves within a few days to weeks.