Differential diagnosis of massive splenomegaly includes myelofibrosis, chronic myelogenous leukemia, lymphoma, hairy cell leukemia, sarcoidosis, Gaucher’s disease, malaria and kala-azar.
May be seen with acquired or inherited hemolytic anemias.
May be seen in severe infections such as infective endocarditis,
sepsis, infectious mononucleosis, toxoplasmosis, leishmaniasis, schistosomiasis and fungal infections.
May be seen in systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis (Felty’s syndrome), portal hypertension from cirrhosis, congestive heart failure, portal vein thrombosis, portal vein aneurysm of Budd-Chiari syndrome, amyloidosis, and splenic cysts.
Transiently, may result from treatment with IL-2.
Commonly associated with HIV/AIDS.
May be associated with early satiety, abdominal bloating, and left upper quadrant abdominal pain.
Up to 90% of total body platelet mass may be sequestered by the spleen when it is enlarged.