Rare lesions and characterized associated primary or secondary pseudocysts.
Primary cysts can be related to parasitic or non parasitic in nature.
Nonparasitic cysts are most commonly seen children and younger adults.
Parasitic cysts are the most common type of splenic cysts in the world.
Echinococcus infection accounts for 50% of all splenic cysts worldwide.
In North America 75% of lesions related to secondary condition related to previous abdominal trauma.
Categorized as either primary or secondary going to the epithelium that lines the inner surface.
Females have a higher incidence, and the largest group are noted to be women in their 20s.
Majority are asymptomatic and are usually incidentally found during routine imaging studies.
Cysts with diameters is greater than 5 cm are at risk for rupture, which can cause life-threatening complications including hemorrhage and peritonitis.
Because aspiration is associated with a recurrence rate as high as 100%, splenectomy is the surgical treatment of choice for the splenic cyst 5 centimeters or greater and also those that I secondarily infected.
Recently, the goal of splenic preservation to avoid post splenectomy sepsis has been attempted by laparoscopic splenic fenestration, cyst removal, and preservation of splenic function.