Incidence has declined with the use of HAART in HIV.
At this time most cases occur in the setting of end-stage AIDS with CD4 count less than 50 cells/’L.
Diagnosis based on retinal findings of fluffy exudates in a vascular pattern with surrounding hemorrhage.
May be associated with retinal detachment and optic neuritis.
Unless treated leads to blindness within 4-6 months as progressive retinal destruction occurs.