Incidence has declined with the use of HAART in HIV.
At this time most cases occur in the setting of end-stage AIDS with CD4 count less than 50 cells/’L.
Diagnosis based on retinal findings of fluffy exudates in a vascular pattern with surrounding hemorrhage.
A anterior chamber paracentesis can be performed and the viral load of cytomegalovirus can be found on PCR essay.
May be associated with retinal detachment and optic neuritis.
Unless treated leads to blindness within 4-6 months as progressive retinal destruction occurs.
Treatment includes intravenous foscarnet, and intravitreal ganciclovir.