Prevents infection of HPV strains known to cause 70% of cervical cancers and 90% of genital warts.
Effective before recipients are exposed to HPV virus.
HPV-16 vaccine consists of highly purified virus-capsid polypeptides.
Approved for females age 9-26 years.
A three shot vaccination series.
A quadrivalent vaccine developed from noninfectious HPV-like particles.
Dose administered intramuscularly with 0.5 cc doses, with the second dose administered 2 months after the first dose, and the third dose given 6 months after the first dose.
All girls should be vaccinated against HPV at age 11-12.
Recommended for females 13-18 years of age to catch up missed vaccine.
Not recommended for women over the age of 26 years.
Optimum time for vaccine administration is before exposure to HPV.
Routine PAP smears should continue after the vaccine since the vaccine protects only the HPV types that cause 70% of cervical cancers.
Studies suggest effectiveness of 5 years, with marked decrease in antibodies by 3 years.
By August 31, 2008 10,326 reports of adverse events were reported with 94% of cases considered nonserious and 6% serious, with 27 deaths and reports of blood clots and Guillain-Barre syndrome.
Adverse event reports did not show cause and effect and the number of cases of Guillain-Barre 1-2 per 100,000 population, is the same rate reported in the general population.
The FDA approved an expanded indication for the HPV 9-valent vaccine, recombinant for the prevention of oropharyngeal and other head and neck cancers caused by HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58.
The vaccine is indicated in females 9 years of age through 45 years of age for the prevention of cervical, vulvar, vaginal, anal, oropharyngeal, and other head and neck cancers caused by HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58; cervical, vulvar, vaginal, and anal precancerous or dysplastic lesions caused by HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58; and genital warts caused by HPV types 6 and 11.
In males 9 years of age through 45 years of age, Gardasil 9 is indicated for the prevention of anal, oropharyngeal, and other head and neck cancers caused by HPV types 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58; anal precancerous or dysplastic lesions caused by HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58; and genital warts caused by HPV types 6 and 11.