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Cannabinoids

Presently there are 3 approved cannabinoids in the US: dronabinol, nabilone, Epidiolex.

Both the above drugs are available in pill form and are approved for nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy and as well for appetite stimulation.

Evidence suggests they are effective for the reduction of seizures in specific disorders, treatment of neuropathic pain, and reduction in chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting, and spasticity in MS.

Research in other medical conditions is inconclusive or negative..

Ingestion associatedwith risks: anxiety and paranoia that can occur with acute ingestion.

Can impair driving ability.

Ingestion varies from smoking, transdermal, vaping, gum, and oral formulations.

Orally ingested cannabinoids have a much slower onset of action than inhaled cannabinoids.

Plant- based cannabinoids also contain biologically active terpenoids and flavonoids.

Cannabinoids are lipophilic and can be rapidly absorbed.
The pharmakinetic profiles of THC and CBD vary among users, dose and form, acute and chronic use, and route of administration.
Smoked and vaporized cannabis leads to higher blood levels, quicker onset of action, and greater bioavailability compared to oral ingestion.
THC can be detected in plasma after a single puff/inhalation or oral mucosal ministration, with peak levels by 10 minutes.
 
Bioavailability is generally 25% with variability among individuals, products, ignition temperature, and inhalation dynamics.

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