Deficiency inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion with an estimated frequency of 1 in 2000.
Defined by a 40-60% reduction in plasma antithrombin III levels.
Results in thrombosis is most affected individuals.
Antithrombin III maintains hemostatic balance and when it is reduced it enables activated procoagulant proteins to circulate in the blood longer leading to an increased risk of thrombosis and pulmonary embolism.
Heterozygous deficiency carries a lifetime risk of thrombosis ranging from 17%-100%.
Seen after major abdominal surgery.
Thrombotic events often precipitated by pregnancy
Thrombate III approved for the treatment of hereditary antithrombin III deficiency with surgery, obstetrical procedures or when thromboembolism occurs.
Thrombate III associated with dizziness, chest tightness, nausea and abnormal taste in the mouth.
Thrombate III enhances the effect of heparin when used together, and the dose of heparin should be decreased during treatment with Thrombate.
Thrombate III associated with ability to transmit infectious agents such as viruses, and the Creutzfeldt-Jakob agent