Alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT) is a protein produced by the liver that plays a critical role in protecting the tissues of the body from enzymes released by white blood cells.
These enzymes, called proteases, can cause damage to various organs and tissues if not properly regulated.
AAT specifically helps to inhibit an enzyme called neutrophil elastase, which is involved in the breakdown of proteins in the lungs.
Deficiency of alpha1-antitrypsin can result in a condition called alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency, which is an inherited disorder.
Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency can lead to a higher risk of developing lung and liver diseases, particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and liver cirrhosis.