A nicotine patch is a form of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) used to help people quit smoking.
A nicotine patch provides a steady, controlled dose of nicotine through the skin, reducing withdrawal symptoms and cigarette cravings while the user works on breaking the behavioral habit of smoking.
The patch is applied to a clean, dry, hairless area of skin (upper arm, chest, back, or hip).
Nicotine is absorbed through the skin into the bloodstream over many hours.
A nicotine patch avoids the harmful chemicals found in tobacco smoke, like tar and carbon monoxide.
Typical Dosing
21 mg/24 hr – for people who smoke >10 cigarettes/day. 14 mg/24 hr – for moderate smokers or as a step-down dose. 7 mg/24 hr – lowest dose, usually the last step before stopping completely.
A step-down approach is often recommended: Starting with the highest dose for 4–6 weeks. Switching to the medium dose for 2–4 weeks. Using the lowest dose for 2–4 weeks, then stop.
Benefits of nicotine patches:
Reduces cravings and withdrawal symptoms Easy to use, once-daily application Discreet and steady nicotine delivery Proven to increase quit rates when combined with counseling or support
Side Effects Skin irritation or rash at the patch site Trouble sleeping or vivid dreams Dizziness, headache, nausea which are usually mild and temporary.
Precautions Avoid smoking or using other nicotine products while on the patch with a risk of nicotine overdose.